@techreport {58258, title = {Experimental Validation of Daylighting Simulation Methods for Complex Fenestration Systems}, year = {2006}, month = {05/2006}, abstract = {

The objective of this paper is to assess the capability of existing lighting simulation methods to predict the performance of complex fenestration systems, which are becoming a commonly used component in buildings construction domain. A specific experimental protocol was conducted to collect reliable reference data based on illuminance measurements inside a black box with (and without) one complex glazing sample facing a measured external luminance distribution. Two types of simulation methods were tested and compared: The first is based on modeling the glazing sample in a ray-tracing simulation program and the second is based on use of the samples{\textquoteright} BTDF data. The BTDF data sets were combined with the external luminance distribution to predict the flux distribution inside the room and the resulting illuminance values at the reference points. The comparison between the experimental reference data and the simulation results showed that the influence of the CFS could be predicted with good accuracy.

}, author = {Fawaz Maamari and Marilyn Andersen and Jan de Boer and William L. Carroll and Dominique Dumortier and Phillip Greenup} } @conference {11697, title = {DElight2 Daylighting Analysis in Energy Plus: Integration and Preliminary User Results}, booktitle = {Building Simulation 2005}, year = {2005}, month = {08/2005}, address = {Montreal, Canada}, abstract = {

DElight is a simulation engine for daylight and electric lighting system analysis in buildings. DElight calculates interior illuminance levels from daylight, and the subsequent contribution required from electric lighting to meet a desired interior illuminance. DElight has been specifically designed to integrate with building thermal simulation tools. This paper updates the DElight capability set, the status of integration into the simulation tool EnergyPlus, and describes a sample analysis of a simple model from the user perspective.

}, author = {William L. Carroll and Robert J. Hitchcock} } @techreport {1235, title = {Daylighting Simulation: Methods, Algorithms, and Resources}, year = {1999}, abstract = {

The search for and collection of daylighting analysis methods and algorithms led to two important observations. First, there is a wide range of needs for different types of methods to produce a complete analysis tool. These include:

Second, very advantageously, there have been rapid advances in many basic methods in these areas, due to other forces. They are in part driven by:

This has led to a very rich set of information resources that have direct applicability to the small daylighting analysis community. Furthermore, much of this information is in fact available online.

}, author = {William L. Carroll} } @conference {12084, title = {Modeling Windows in DOE 2.1E}, booktitle = {Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Buildings V Conference}, year = {1994}, month = {12/1992}, address = {Clearwater Beach, FL}, abstract = {

The most recent version of the DOE-2 building energy simulation program, DOE-2.1E, provides for more detailed modeling of the thermal and optical properties of windows. The window calculations account for the temperature effects on U-value, and update the incident angle correlations for the solar heat gain properties and visible transmittance. Initial studies show up to a 30\% difference in calculating peak solar heat gain between the detailed approach and a constant shading-coefficient approach. The modeling approach is adapted from Lawrence Berkeley Laboratorys WINDOW 4 computer program, which is used in the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) U-value rating procedure 100-91. This gives DOE-2.1E the capability to assess the annual and peak energy performance of windows consistent with the NFRC procedure. The program has an extensive window library and algorithms for simulating switchable glazings. The program also accounts for the influence of framing elements on the heat transfer and solar heat gain through the window.

}, author = {M. Susan Reilly and Frederick C. Winkelmann and Dariush K. Arasteh and William L. Carroll} }