@conference {12166,
	title = {Performance Criteria for Residential Zero Energy Windows},
	booktitle = {2007 ASHRAE Winter Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	month = {01/2007},
	address = {Dallas, TX},
	abstract = {<p>This paper shows that the energy requirements for today{\textquoteright}s typical efficient window products (i.e. ENERGY STAR products) are significant when compared to the needs of Zero Energy Homes (ZEHs). Through the use of whole house energy modeling, typical efficient products are evaluated in five US climates and compared against the requirements for ZEHs. Products which meet these needs are defined as a function of climate. In heating dominated climates, windows with U-factors of 0.10 Btu/hr-ft<sup>2</sup>-F (0.57 W/m<sup>2</sup>-K) will become energy neutral. In mixed heating/cooling climates a low U-factor is not as significant as the ability to modulate from high SHGCs (heating season) to low SHGCs (cooling season).</p>},
	author = {Dariush K. Arasteh and Howdy Goudey and Yu Joe Huang and Christian Kohler and Robin Mitchell}
}
@article {12175,
	title = {Phase I Results of the NFRC U-Value Procedure Validation Project},
	journal = {ASHRAE Transactions},
	volume = {100, Pt. 1},
	number = {Part 1},
	year = {1993},
	month = {08/1993},
	abstract = {<p>The NFRC U-Value Procedure Validation Project was undertaken by a collaborative group of industry, public utility, trade associations, and government researchers in order to validate the testing and calculational methods of the NFRC 100-91: Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product Thermal Properties (Currently Limited to U-Values). This paper summarizes the validation projects goals and test methodology, the results of the data analysis, and the recommendations following completion of Phase I of the project. Simulations performed according to NFRC 100-91 are shown to agree with each other, to within the NFRC tolerance, in 100\% of the cases. Window test results with perpendicular wind performed according to NFRC 100-91 are shown to agree with each other, to within the NFRC tolerance, in 84\% of the cases. Simulations and perpendicular wind window test results are shown to agree with each other, to within the NFRC tolerance, in 80\% of the cases. Testing of skylights was shown to be problematic under the procedure as written at the time. Agreement between tests and simulations will improve as a result of a strong NFRC education and accreditation program.</p>},
	author = {Dariush K. Arasteh and Fredric A. Beck and Nehemiah Stone and William DuPont and R. Christophe Mathis and Michael Koenig}
}
