01506nas a2200193 4500008003900000022001400039245006600053210006500119260001200184300001400196490000700210520091900217653002001136653002001156653002301176653001501199100002701214856007101241 2008 d a0141-159400aPhase transitions in non-hydride switchable mirror thin films0 aPhase transitions in nonhydride switchable mirror thin films c07/2008 a807 - 8130 v813 a
Switchable mirrors modulate incident light by changes in the reflectivity of thin films that are converted by chemical reactions from a metallic reflective state to a semiconducting transparent state. The reactions may be effected by exposure to a gas, by treatment with a liquid reagent, or by electrochemical means. The changes in optical properties coincide with phase transformations. In the examples reviewed here, the reactions are accompanied by substantial volume changes and atomic rearrangement. Bismuth, antimony, and antimony alloy films are switched by electrochemical lithiation. Copper films are electrochemically oxidized to Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxides, which are transparent and opaque, respectively. Morphological changes in all films during cycling lead to degradation in performance without loss of active material. Strategies to improve the cycling stability of these systems are discussed.
10aelectrochromism10aoptoelectronics10aSwitchable mirrors10athin films1 aRichardson, Thomas, J. uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/phase-transitions-non-hydride