04075nas a2200265 4500008003900000245014000039210006900179260002200248520314300270653003503413653002803448653001603476653002003492653002203512653001903534100002103553700002203574700002203596700002403618700002003642700002203662700002803684700002703712856007003739 2007 d00aDaylighting the New York Times Headquarters Building: Final Report: Commissioning Daylighting Systems and Estimation of Demand Response0 aDaylighting the New York Times Headquarters Building Final Repor aBerkeleyc08/20073 a
The technical energy-savings potential for smart integrated window-daylighting systems is excellent and can yield significant reductions in US commercial building energy use if adopted by a significant percentage of the market. However, conventional automated shades and daylighting controls have been commercially available for over two decades with less than 1-2% market penetration in the US. As with many innovations, the problem with accelerating market adoption is one of demonstrating real performance and decreasing risk and cost. The New York Times considered use of such daylighting systems for their new 139,426 m2 (1.5 Mft2) headquarters building in downtown Manhattan.
In the initial phase of work, The New York Times employed a unique approach to create a competitive marketplace for daylighting systems and to address their concerns about risk by building a full-scale daylighting mockup and evaluating commercially-available products. This field test formed the strategic cornerstone for accelerating an industry response to the building owners' challenge to a sleepy market. A procurement specification was produced and bids were received that met The Times cost-effective criteria. The Times decided to proceed with using these innovative systems in their new building.
This next phase of work consisted of two distinct tasks: 1) to develop and use commissioning tools and procedures to insure that the automated shade and daylighting control systems operate as intended prior to occupancy; and 2) to estimate the peak demand savings resulting from different levels of demand response (DR) control strategies (from moderate to severe load curtailment) and then determine the financial implications given various DR programs offered by the local utility and New York Independent System Operator in the area.
Commissioning daylighting control systems is mandatory to insure that design intent is met, that the systems are tuned to optimal performance, and to eliminate problems and errors before occupants move in. Commissioning tools were developed and procedures were defined and then used to verify that the daylighting systems operated according to the technical specifications. For both lighting control and shading systems, the Times and the manufacturers were able to resolve most of the bugs and fine-tune the systems prior to occupancy.
The demand response (DR) strategies at the New York Times building involve unique state-of-the-art systems with dimmable ballasts, movable shades on the glass facade, and underfloor air HVAC. The process to develop the demand response strategies, the results of the EnergyPlus model, the activities to implement the DR strategies in the controls design at the New York Times Headquarters building and the evaluation of economics of participating in DR programs are presented and discussed. The DR simulation iv efforts for this building design are novel, with an innovative building owner evaluating DR and future DR program participation strategies during the design and construction phase using advanced simulation tools.
10aautomated daylighting controls10aautomated window shades10adaylighting10ademand response10aenergy-efficiency10avisual comfort1 aLee, Eleanor, S.1 aHughes, Glenn, D.1 aClear, Robert, D.1 aFernandes, Luis, L.1 aKiliccote, Sila1 aPiette, Mary, Ann1 aRubinstein, Francis, M.1 aSelkowitz, Stephen, E. uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/daylighting-new-york-times-000634nas a2200109 4500008003900000245009300039210006900132260003200201520019600233100002200429856007300451 2007 d00aMoving from Niche to Mainstream Markets: Addressing the High Cost of Daylighting Systems0 aMoving from Niche to Mainstream Markets Addressing the High Cost aNew York, New Yorkc05/20073 aTranscript of a lecture given by Glenn Hughes, Managing Director of Construction, The New York Times at LightFair International: Daylighting Institute, New York, New York, May 6, 2007.
1 aHughes, Glenn, D. uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/moving-niche-mainstream-markets01983nas a2200145 4500008004100000245012900041210006900170260003100239520140500270100002001675700002201695700002201717700002201739856007601761 2006 eng d00aDynamic Controls for Energy Efficiency and Demand Response: Framework Concepts and a New Construction Case Study in New York0 aDynamic Controls for Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Frame aPacific Grove, CAc06/20063 aMany of today's advanced building control systems are designed to improve granularity of control for energy efficiency. Examples include direct digital controls for building heating, ventilation, and cooling systems (HVAC), and dimmable ballasts for continuous dimming for daylighting applications. This paper discusses recent research on the use of new and existing controls in commercial buildings for integrated energy efficiency and demand response (DR). The paper discusses the use of DR controls strategies in commercial buildings and provides specific details on DR control strategy design concepts for a new building in New York. We present preliminary results from EnergyPlus simulations of the DR strategies at the New York Times Headquarters building currently under construction. The DR strategies at the Times building involve unique state of the art systems with dimmable ballasts, movable shades on the glass facade, and underfloor air HVAC. The simulation efforts at this building are novel, with an innovative building owner considering DR and future DR program participation strategies during the design phase. This paper also discusses commissioning plans for the DR strategies. The trends in integration of various systems through the EMCS, master versus supervisory controls and dynamic operational modes concepts are presented and future research directions are outlined.
1 aKiliccote, Sila1 aPiette, Mary, Ann1 aWatson, David, S.1 aHughes, Glenn, D. uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/dynamic-controls-energy-efficiency02657nas a2200265 4500008003900000245007100039210006900110260001200179520181700191653003502008653002802043653001602071653002202087653001902109100002102128700002702149700002202176700002202198700002202220700002202242700001402264700002102278700002402299856006802323 2005 d00aDaylighting the New York Times Headquarters Building: Final Report0 aDaylighting the New York Times Headquarters Building Final Repor c06/20053 aThe technical energy-savings potential for smart integrated window-daylighting systems is excellent and can yield significant reductions in US commercial building energy use if adopted by a significant percentage of the market. However, conventional automated shades and daylighting controls have been commercially available for over two decades with less than 1-2% market penetration in the US. As with all innovations, the problem with accelerating market adoption is one of decreasing risk. As the building owner researches technology options, the usual questions surface that concern the purchase of any new product: how will it work for my application, are the vendor claims valid, what risks are incurred, and will the performance benefits be sustained over the life of the installation? In their effort to create an environment that "enhances the way we work" in their new 139 km2 (1.5 Mft2) headquarters building in downtown Manhattan, The New York Times employed a unique approach to create a competitive marketplace for daylighting systems. A monitored field test formed the strategic cornerstone for accelerating an industry response to the building owners' challenge to a sleepy market (i.e., US automated shading and daylighting control products have had few major technical advances over the past 10 years). Energy, control system, and environmental quality performance of commercially-available automated roller shade and daylighting control systems were evaluated. Procurement specifications were produced. Bids were received that met The Times cost-effective criteria. The Times will proceed with the use of these systems in their final building. Competitively-priced new products have been developed as a result of this research and are now available on the market.
10aautomated daylighting controls10aautomated window shades10adaylighting10aenergy-efficiency10avisual comfort1 aLee, Eleanor, S.1 aSelkowitz, Stephen, E.1 aHughes, Glenn, D.1 aClear, Robert, D.1 aWard, Gregory, J.1 aMardaljevic, John1 aLai, Judy1 aInanici, Mehlika1 aInkarojrit, Vorapat uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/daylighting-new-york-times02345nas a2200145 4500008004100000245010600041210006900147260003100216520178400247100002102031700002702052700002202079700002102101856007702122 2004 eng d00aMarket Transformation Opportunities for Emerging Dynamic Facade and Dimmable Lighting Control Systems0 aMarket Transformation Opportunities for Emerging Dynamic Facade aPacific Grove, CAc08/20043 aAutomated shading and daylighting control systems have been commercially available for decades. The new challenge is to provide a fully functional and integrated facade and lighting system that operates appropriately for all environmental conditions and meets a range of occupant subjective desires and objective performance requirements. These rigorous performance goals must be achieved with solutions that are cost effective and can operate over long periods with minimal maintenance. It will take time and effort to change the marketplace for these technologies and practices, particularly in building a series of documented success stories, and driving costs and risks to much lower levels at which their use becomes the norm. In recent years, the architectural trend toward highly-transparent all-glass buildings presents a unique challenge and opportunity to advance the market for emerging, smart, dynamic window and dimmable daylighting control technologies.
We believe it is possible to accelerate product market transformation by developing projects where technical advances and the interests of motivated manufacturers and innovative owners converge. In this paper we present a case study example that explains a building owners decision-making process to use dynamic window and dimmable daylighting controls. The case study project undertaken by a major building owner in partnership with a buildings R&D group was designed explicitly to use field test data in conjunction with the market influence of a major landmark building project in New York City to stimulate change in manufacturers product offerings. Preliminary observations on the performance of these systems are made. A cost model that was developed with the building owner is explained.
1 aLee, Eleanor, S.1 aSelkowitz, Stephen, E.1 aHughes, Glenn, D.1 aThurm, David, A. uhttps://facades.lbl.gov/publications/market-transformation-opportunities